
Employment rate by country of birth
Employment rate by country of birth. New Zealand, Poland, Lithuania and Australia-born residents have the highest rates (~85–90%); Somalia, Bangladesh, and Iraq-born residents the lowest (~25–35%). UK-born sits around the middle.
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How Taxes and Benefits Narrow the Income Gap Between Ethnic Groups
Visual explainer of how taxes and benefits compress post-tax and final-income gaps between ethnic groups, using ONS household income data for 2023/24.

How Taxes and Benefits Combine by Ethnic Group
Breakdown of direct taxes, indirect taxes, cash benefits, and benefits in kind by ethnic group, showing the net effect on final household income in 2023/24.

The Growth in British Net Immigration
Chart of net migration by nationality showing the post-2021 rise in non-EU migration and the changing contribution of EU and British flows.